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|children = Beau Hunter Naomi Ashley |residence = Number One Observatory Circle (Official) Wilmington, Delaware (Private) |alma_mater = University of Delaware (B.A.) Syracuse University (J.D.) |religion = Roman Catholic |signature = Joe Biden Signature.svg |website = (Official website ) (Official Facebook ) (Official Twitter ) }} Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Jr. (; born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who is the 47th and current Vice President of the United States, jointly elected twice with President Barack Obama, and in office since 2009. A member of the Democratic Party, Biden represented Delaware as a United States Senator from 1973 until becoming Vice President in 2009. Biden was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania, in 1942, and lived there for ten years before moving to Delaware. He became an attorney in 1969, and was elected to the New Castle County council in 1970. Biden was first elected to the Senate in 1972, and became the sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history. He was re-elected to the Senate six times, and was the fourth most senior senator at the time of his resignation to assume the Vice Presidency in 2009. Biden was a long-time member and former chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee. He opposed the Gulf War in 1991, but advocated U.S. and NATO intervention in the Bosnian War in 1994 and 1995. Biden voted in favor of the resolution authorizing the Iraq War in 2002, but opposed the surge of U.S. troops in 2007. He has also served as chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, dealing with issues related to drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties, and led the legislative efforts for creation of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, and the Violence Against Women Act. He chaired the Judiciary Committee during the contentious U.S. Supreme Court nominations of Robert Bork and Clarence Thomas. Biden unsuccessfully sought the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988 and in 2008, both times dropping out early in the race. In the 2008 U.S. presidential election, Barack Obama chose Biden to be his running mate in the race, which they went on to successfully win. Biden became the first Roman Catholic, and the first Delawarean, to be Vice President of the United States. As Vice President in the Obama administration, Biden oversaw the infrastructure spending aimed at counteracting the Great Recession, and U.S. policy toward Iraq up until the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 2011. His ability to negotiate with congressional Republicans helped bring about legislation such as the Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010 that resolved a taxation deadlock, the Budget Control Act of 2011 that resolved that year's debt ceiling crisis, and the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012 that addressed the impending "fiscal cliff". In 2011, Biden opposed going ahead with the military mission that resulted in the death of Osama bin Laden. Obama and Biden were re-elected in 2012. In October 2015, after months of speculation, Biden decided not to enter the 2016 presidential race. == Early life== Biden was born on November 20, 1942, at St. Mary's Hospital in Scranton, Pennsylvania,〔Witcover, ''Joe Biden'', p. 5.〕 to Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Biden (née Finnegan; 1917–2010) and Joseph Robinette "Joe" Biden, Sr. (1915–2002). He was the first of four siblings in a Catholic family, with a sister, Valerie, and two brothers, James and Frank, following.〔Witcover, ''Joe Biden'', p. 9.〕 His mother was of Irish descent, with roots variously attributed to County Londonderry〔 or County Louth. His paternal grandparents, Mary Elizabeth (Robinette) and Joseph H. Biden, an oil businessman from Baltimore, were of English, French, and Irish ancestry.〔Witcover, ''Joe Biden'', p. 8.〕 His paternal great-great-great grandfather, William Biden, was born in Sussex, England, and then immigrated to the United States. His maternal great-grandfather, Edward Francis Blewitt, was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate. Biden's father had been very well-off earlier in his life, but suffered several business reversals by the time Biden was born. For several years, the family had to live with Biden's maternal grandparents, the Finnegans. When the Scranton area went into economic decline during the 1950s, Biden's father could not find enough work. In 1953, the Biden family moved to an apartment in Claymont, Delaware, where they lived for a few years before moving to a house in Wilmington, Delaware.〔 Joe Biden, Sr. then did better as a used car salesman, and the family's circumstances were middle class.〔〔〔''Almanac of American Politics'' 2008, p. 364.〕 Biden attended the Archmere Academy in Claymont,〔Witcover, ''Joe Biden'', pp. 27, 32.〕 where he was a standout halfback/wide receiver on the high school football team; he helped lead a perennially losing team to an undefeated season in his senior year.〔〔〕 He played on the baseball team as well.〔 During these years, he participated in an anti-segregation sit-in at a Wilmington theatre.〔 Academically, Biden was an above-average student, was considered a natural leader among the students, and was elected class president during his junior and senior years.〔〔 He graduated in 1961.〔Witcover, ''Joe Biden'', pp. 40–41.〕 Biden earned his BA degree in 1965 from the University of Delaware in Newark, with a double major in history and political science,〔 graduating with a class rank of 506 out of 688.〔Taylor, ''See How They Run'', p. 98.〕 His classmates were impressed by his cramming abilities,〔''Current Biography Yearbook 1987'', p. 43.〕 and he played halfback with the Blue Hens freshman football team.〔 In 1964, while on spring break in the Bahamas,〔 he met and began dating Neilia Hunter, who was from an affluent background in Skaneateles, New York, and who attended Syracuse University.〔 He told her that he aimed to become a Senator by the age of 30 and then President.〔 He dropped a junior year plan to play for the varsity football team as a defensive back, enabling him to spend more time visiting out of state with her.〔〔Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', pp. 27, 32–33.〕 He then entered Syracuse University College of Law, receiving a half scholarship based on financial need with some additional assistance based on academics. By his own description, he found law school to be "the biggest bore in the world" and pulled many all-nighters to get by.〔〔 During his first year there, he was accused of having plagiarized 5 of 15 pages of a law review article. Biden said it was inadvertent due to his not knowing the proper rules of citation, and he was permitted to retake the course after receiving an "F" grade, which was subsequently dropped from his record (this incident would later attract attention when further plagiarism accusations emerged in 1987).〔Greenberg, David. ("The Write Stuff? Why Biden's plagiarism shouldn't be forgotten" ), ''Slate'' (August 25, 2008).〕 He received his Juris Doctor in 1968,〔 graduating 76th of 85 in his class.〔 Biden was admitted to the Delaware Bar in 1969.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Biographical Directory of the United States Congress"> url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000444 )〕 Biden received student draft deferments during this period, at the peak of the Vietnam War, and in 1968, he was reclassified by the Selective Service System as not available for service due to having had asthma as a teenager.〔 He never took part in anti-war demonstrations, later saying that at the time he was preoccupied with marriage and law school, and "wore sports coats ... not tie-dyed".〔Taylor, ''See How They Run'', p. 96.〕 Negative impressions of drinking alcohol in the Biden and Finnegan families and in the neighborhood led to Joe Biden becoming a teetotaler.〔 Biden suffered from stuttering through much of his childhood and into his twenties; he overcame it by spending many hours reciting poetry in front of a mirror.〔Taylor, ''See How They Run'', p. 99.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joe Biden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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